In recent years, the latest trends in the global economy have shown significant changes due to technological developments, social changes and geopolitical dynamics. One of the main trends is rapid digitalization. Digital transformation has changed the way businesses operate and influenced interactions between companies and consumers. Businesses are increasingly relying on artificial intelligence (AI), big data analysis, and automation to increase efficiency and effectiveness. The e-commerce sector continues to grow rapidly, driven by increasing internet and smartphone penetration. Consumers now prefer to shop online, and businesses are responding by offering easier and more personalized shopping experiences. This creates new opportunities for small companies, which can reach consumers worldwide without needing to open a physical store. Apart from digitalization, political and economic uncertainty is also an important trend in the global economy. Geopolitical crises, such as the trade war between the United States and China, as well as tensions in certain regions, affect market stability and investment flows. Companies are now more likely to face risks associated with international supply chains that can be disrupted by external factors. Sustainability issues are also increasingly emerging as a major concern. Many companies are starting to integrate sustainable business practices into their models, both in terms of production and resource management. This trend is driven by increasing consumer awareness of environmental issues and openness to environmentally friendly products. Innovations in green technology, such as renewable energy and recyclable products, are increasingly in demand by the global market. Demographic changes also affect the global economy. With populations aging in many developed countries, there is increasing demand for healthcare services and products that meet the needs of older age groups. In contrast, countries with large young populations experience increased demand for employment and education. This creates new challenges and opportunities for entrepreneurs and investors. The ongoing urbanization trend also accelerates economic growth in big cities. Many migrants, both from within and outside the country, flock to urban centers in search of better opportunities. In this context, the government needs to plan infrastructure and public services to support this growth in a sustainable and inclusive manner. Changes in consumer behavior as a result of experiences in the digital era have proven to have a big influence. Consumers now prefer transparency in supply chains, with the expectation that the products they purchase are produced ethically and responsibly. This creates a need for brands to communicate more effectively about their values. With financial innovations continuing to develop, such as fintech and blockchain, access to financial services is becoming more inclusive. This allows individuals and small businesses in marginalized areas to obtain funding sources and expand their opportunities in business. Overall, recent trends in the global economy indicate a paradigm shift. In facing new challenges, rapid adaptation and innovation are the keys for companies to survive and grow. Collaboration between the public and private sectors, as well as initiatives to empower communities, will play a vital role in steering global economic development towards a more sustainable and inclusive future.
