Global political dynamics are currently increasingly complex, especially amidst the international tensions faced by various countries. Some factors that influence these dynamics include changes in the geopolitical climate, regional conflicts, and shifts in the global economy. One real example of international tension is the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 will not only shake European stability, but also affect the global financial system. Western countries imposed harsh sanctions on Russia, which impacted energy prices and food distribution. This makes energy dependence a major issue in current global politics. In Asia, tensions between the United States and China also show significant dynamics. Competition in technology and trade has created an atmosphere of uncertainty. Both countries seek to strengthen their strategic alliance; The US with the Quad (Australia, India, Japan) and China with the Belt and Road Initiative. This situation creates tensions that can affect countries in the region. Conflicts in the Middle East, such as those in Syria and Yemen, are also in the spotlight. Major countries, including the US and Russia, are involved in this conflict with various strategic objectives. Uncertainty in the region often leads to shifting alliances, with smaller countries seeking to align themselves with dominant powers. The role of Iran, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye is increasingly visible in reflecting existing tensions. In an environmental context, climate change has become an important agenda in global politics. COP conferences, such as COP26 in Glasgow, demonstrate international agreement on reducing carbon emissions. However, implementation of these agreements is often hampered by differences in interests between developing and developed countries, creating new tensions in diplomacy. Human rights issues are often used as a diplomatic tool. High frequency international negotiations regarding human rights violations in various countries. The case in China regarding Uighur Muslims and the situation in Myanmar have invited strong reactions from western countries, which are trying to force change through sanctions and boycotts. Technology has also become a new arena for international tensions. Cyber warfare, including ransomware attacks and data theft, affects diplomatic relations. Countries are now focusing more on cyber security as part of their defense strategy. Meanwhile, international organizations such as the UN play an important role in mediating these tensions. However, the effectiveness of the UN is often questioned, especially when major powers use their veto power to prevent resolutions. Overall, global political dynamics amidst international tensions continue to change. Each country’s foreign policy is influenced by various factors, ranging from economics, security, to ideological interests. International stakeholders are now more aware that collaboration between countries is essential to achieving long-term stability in an increasingly polarized and complex context.
