Diplomatic relations between the United States (US) and China continue to experience significant dynamics. In 2023, several key developments emerged that demonstrated changes and challenges in interactions between these two great countries. In an economic context, the US and China are facing off in a trade dispute that has been going on for several years. Despite several attempts to ease tensions through bilateral meetings, high tariffs remain an issue that has not been fully resolved. The technology sector is the main focus in this relationship. The US government continues to tighten regulations on Chinese technology companies, such as Huawei and TikTok, for national security reasons. These increased actions are creating unease among investors and pushing China to accelerate domestic technology development. Meanwhile, China is seeking to strengthen its position in the global market by increasing investment in research and development, as well as establishing strategic partnerships with other countries. In a military context, tensions in the South China Sea are increasing, with the US continuing to conduct freedom of navigation operations to challenge China’s territorial claims. Joint military exercises between the US and its allies, especially Japan and Australia, show that the alliance is trying to display strength in the region. On the other hand, China is increasing its military capabilities, by launching various advanced weapons systems, which adds to tensions in the region. The issue of human rights in China, especially towards Uyghurs and Tibetans, has also become a point of division between the two countries. The US continues to criticize China’s policies which are considered oppressive to this minority group, which has led to a strong reaction from the Chinese government. The international diplomatic stage, such as the UN Human Rights Council session, often becomes an arena for mutual attacks between the two countries regarding this issue. The Asia-Pacific region is becoming an increasingly real arena for competition between the US and China. The US’s “Indo-Pacific Strategy” initiative aims to build cooperation with countries in the region, pulling them further away from China’s influence. China responded by intensifying its role in regional organizations such as ASEAN and intensifying the Belt and Road Initiative project to increase connectivity and influence. In the midst of this tension and competition, communication channels are maintained. The meeting between high-ranking officials, including the foreign ministers and presidents of the two countries, reflects a diplomatic kitchen that continues to try to find common ground. However, the implementation of the results of these meetings often encounters obstacles when it comes to real policy. The COVID-19 pandemic has also had an impact on relations between the two countries. The United States blames China for the spread of the virus, while China accuses the US of politicizing global public health. This issue worsens public sentiment in each country and adds complexity to bilateral relations. In conclusion, US and China diplomatic relations are currently at a crossroads, where tension and cooperation go hand in hand. This situation creates new challenges and opportunities that will shape the future direction of interactions between the two countries. Cooperation on global issues such as climate change and cyber security is potentially an area where the two countries can find understanding, although fundamental differences remain.
